Obj. ID: 44712 Memorial to Jews from other localities in the New Jewish Cemetery in Ivano Frankivsk, Ukraine
Memorial Name
No official name
Who is Commemorated?
Jewish Victims of the Holocaust from the Stanisławów region, who perished in the New Jewish Cemetery in Stanisławów
This monument is located in the New Jewish cemetery, its back faces the entrance to the cemetery. It sits on the rectangular grass plot which is placed in the middle of the cemetery path. The monument is a concrete slab with a slightly beveled front side, that has two black plaques attached to it. The larger plaque bears inscriptions in Hebrew and Ukrainian. The smaller one is located below and indicates the years of the events.
Inscriptions
In Hebrew:
יד לזכר
השואה קורבנות [!]
Translation: Memorial in memory /of the Holocaust victims [the syntax in Hebrew is awkward.]
In Ukrainian:
Вічна памʼять євреям навколишніх місць,
загиблих від рук нацистських катів
під час Холокосту
1941 - 1943
Translation: Eternal memory to the Jews of nearby places, / perished from the hands of the Nazi executioners / during the Holocaust // 1941 - 1943
Commissioned by
Local Jewish community
In 1931, there were about 140,000 Jews in the Stanisławów region [Solovka and Oryshko, p. 69]. In July 1941, the Hungarian army occupied the Stanisłwów region, and Nazi Germany took control of it in August 1941 [United States Holocaust Memorial Museum]. Nazi Germans started local Actions in towns and villages almost right after their occupation of the region. In 1942, they started to deport Jews to the Bełżec killing center [Encyclopedia, p. 832]. In the spring of 1942, the nazis began to concentrate Jews from nearby into the Stanisławów Ghetto. This included 680 Jews from the Lysets district, 4,000 Jews from Tłumacz, 1862 Jews from Sołotwin district, 870 Jews from Bohorodczany, 2,800 Jews from Nadwórna, 1,500 Jews from Tysmenica, 700 Jews from Halicz, 2,500 Jews from Kałusz, 1,200 Jews from Ottynia, 66 Jewish families from Czerniejów and the Jews from Wojniłów and Jezupol districts [Solovka and Oryshko, p. 142].
Most of these people were placed in the Rudolf's mill and the Shusman Factory. On May 7, 1942, Nazis shot about 600 Jews there. Every Saturday from July until October 1942, Nazis brought 500 Jews from the Rudolf's mill and the Shusman Factory to the Stanisławów New Jewish Cemetery and shot them there. In July 1942, a group of Jews from Bolechów was shot in the New Jewish cemetery in Stanisławów [Solovka and Oryshko, p. 142–143].
Memorialization activities in the New Jewish Cemetery in Ivano-Frankivsk started in the 1940s. The first monument was erected by the Local Jewish Survivors [Zeltser]. It is designed to not stand out among the other graves in the cemetery.
A second monument was erected by the Soviet authorities in 1964 ["Ivano-Frankivska oblast"]. The inscription does not specify the ethnicity of the victims and indicates that more than 100,000 Soviet citizens were killed at this place. According to Solovka, it contributed to the emergence of the myth about the number of people killed in the New Jewish Cemetery [Solovka, Liubov, and Svitlana Oryshko, p. 460]. The Ivano-Frankivsk Regional Executive Committee included the monument to The List of Monuments of History and Monumental Art of Local Significance in the Ivano-Frankivsk Region by decision no. 612/4 on November 28, 1969 ["Ivano-Frankivska oblast"].
Further memorialization activity took place in Independent Ukraine. In the 2000s, a Memorial to 120,000 victims of the Holocaust was erected by the Local Jewish Community. It is the highest and the most outstanding monument in the cemetery, its inscription does not specify, that all the 120,000 Jews were killed in the New Jewish Cemetery in Ivano-Frankivsk. Therefore, it can be assumed, that it is dedicated to the victims of the Holocaust from the whole Stanisławów region [Solovka and Oryshko, p. 461–462].
There are also two monuments that commemorate smaller Jewish communities. A Memorial to Jews of Bohorodchany was installed in the cemetery by Hasten and Halpern Families in 2002 [Levin].
In the early 2000s, the Local Jewish Community erected this Monument, dedicated to the Jews from vicinities, who perished during the Holocaust in the New Jewish Cemetery in Stanisławów [Solovka and Oryshko, p. 461–462, 560].
According to the photos, vandals scratched a swastika on the right top corner of the plaque in the 2010s.
Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933-1945, ed. Martin Dean, vol. 2 (Bloomington: The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, 2012), pp. 831–834.
"Ivano-Frankivska oblast. Skhema planuvannia terytorii (zavershennia). Okhorona nerukhomykh obiektiv kulturnoi spadshchyny", vol. 3 (Kyiv: Derzhavne pidpryiemstvo "Ukrainskyi derzhavnyi naukovo-doslidnyi instytut proiektuvannia mist "Dipromisto" imeni Y.M. Bilokonia", 2015), p. 207., https://www.if.gov.ua/storage/app/sites/24/documentu-2022/ivano-frankivska-oblast-2015-tom-3.pdf (accessed May 3, 2023)
Levin, Vladimir. "Bohorodczany (Brotchin) - after WWII," Jewish Galicia and Bukovina, August 7, 2009, http://jgaliciabukovina.net/134269/article/bohorodczany-brotchin-after-wwii (accessed May 5, 2023)
Solovka, Liubov and Svitlana Oryshko, 150 iz 150 tysiach... Holokost yevreiv Prykarpattia yak skladova etnodemohrafichnoi Katastrofy Skhidnoi Halychyny, (Ivano-Frankivsk: Foliant, 2019), pp. 69, 142-143, 460–462, 560.
"Stanisławów," United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/stanislawow (accessed April 21, 2023)
Zeltser, Arkadi, Unwelcome Memory: Holocaust Monuments in the Soviet Union, trans. A.S. Brown (Jerusalem: Yad Vashem, 2018), pp. 124–125.