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Obj. ID: 5703
Sacred and Ritual Objects
  Amulet, Greece, 18??

© Center for Jewish Art, Photographer: Radovan, Zev, 2002

The rectangular parchment is inscribed with amuletic formulas intended to protect the inhabitants of a certain house from the Evil Eye and bless them. The formulas are followed by two magical squares enclosing the names of God in various permutations.

The amulet is headed with two lines containing Hebrew initials written in square, linear letters. The first line calls for God's help: 

"בינ"ו (בעזרת השם נעשה ונצליח); עמ"י עש"ו ('עזרי מעם ה' עשה שמים וארץ'; תה' קכא:ב)."

"With Lord's help, we shall achieve and succeed; ‘My help cometh from the Lord, which made heaven and earth’ (Ps.121:2).  The second line includes six names, each containing three letters of the name "שדי” – Almighty, in various configurations.

The following fourteen lines are the main text that declares its aim:

"אנא אלהי הרחמים אב רחמן רחם נא בחסדיך

הרבים על יושבי הבית הזה ותשמרם מעין הרע

וממקרים רעים ותצילם מכל צער ונזק וכל מיני

שדין ושדתין ולילין וליליתין ורוחין בישין וכל

מיני מזיקין אנא יהוה צבאות יושב הכרובים

שומר ישראל שלח ברכה והצלחה שלום ושלוה

השקט ובטח בריאות וכל טוב ליושבי הבית

הזה ותטע ביניהם אהבה ואחוה וחן וחסד בזכות

שמך הגדול והקדוש ארגמן ותצוה למלאכיך

הקדושים הממונים על כל עסקי בני האדם שייהרסו

ויצילו ויגינו וירפאו וישמרו אותם מכל מיני

מאורעות קשות ורעות ויסירו וירחיקו מן הבית

הזה ומיושביו כל מיני כשוף וקשור וכל כחות

הטמאה בכח החותמות הקדושים האלה."

 

"Please, Lord of Mercy, Merciful Father, have compassion, while You grant your abundant graces upon the dwellers of this house. Keep them from the Evil Eye and from dreadful incidents, and save them from any agony and damage. (Keep them) from all kinds of demons and demonesses, Lilith (queen of evil spirits) and other evil spirits, and all kinds of harmful forces.

Please, Lord of hosts, thou that dwellest between the cherubim, that keepeth Israel, grant blessing and success, peace and restfulness, quiet and security, good health and all good things to the inhabitants of this house. And may You plant among them love and brotherhood, grace and loving-kindness, in favor of Your great and holy name Argaman (initial letters of five angels' names: Uriel, Raphael, Gabriel, Michael and Nuriel). And order your holy angels, who are appointed over all of mankind's activities: to destroy, to save, protect and cure and keep them (the dwellers) from all evil and bad events, and that they would take away and prevent any kind of sorcery and tying (see: Remarks) and distance any force of impure evil powers through the power of these sacred seals (the following magical squares):          

The square on the right encloses various Names of God, set in the middle and around the edges:

" שדי, יהוה, וכעה, כשי, נע."

 

The magical square on the left contains nine different letters that value from 1 to 9 placed in three rows of three letters. The sum of each line or column is 15 – that equal to the Digrammaton - the Two-letter Name of God – יה. The letter ה' (hei) that also represents God's name is set in the middle (See: Bibliography).

 

ב

ט

ד

ז

ה

ג

ו

א

ח

 

The following five lines conclude the inscription and read:

"ובכח עמנואל שלוטר שטניאל תפר עצת

כל המשטינים והמקטרגים כדי לתת ביניהם

קנאה ושנאה וישפיע עליהם ברכות של כל

טוב בכח השם הגדול והקדוש אבג יתץ אמן

נס"ו (נצח, סלע ועד)."

" …and with the power of Emanuel, Shluter (the sum of the letters are 545 that equals to 5 (5 4 5 =14; 1 4=5) – the name of the Lord—ה')  Sataniel, act against the advice of all the devils and the prosecutors, in order to place hate and envy between them. And (as a result) grant them (the inhabitants of the house) blessings of goodness, through the supremacy of the Great and Sacred name ABG YTZ (The Forty-two-letter name of God, composed of the initial letters of the liturgical hymn 'Annah Be-kho’ah' attributed to the first century mystic R. Nehunyah ben Hakana. The hymn is recited in Sabbath morning prayers), Amen Selah, Nezah, for eternity."

Summary and Remarks

"Tying" is a kind of sorcery that intends to bind a person to another and prevent him / her to be in relationship with other people. Another kind of sorcery is to "tie" one's good luck.  

Remarks

9 image(s)

sub-set tree:

Name/Title
Amulet | Unknown
Object Detail
Monument Setting
Unknown
Date
18??
Synagogue active dates
Reconstruction dates
Artist/ Maker
Unknown
Origin
Historical Origin
Unknown
Community type
Congregation
Unknown
Location
Unknown |
Site
Unknown
School/Style
Unknown|
Period Detail
Collection
Documentation / Research project
Unknown
Iconographical Subject
Unknown |
Textual Content
Unknown |
Languages of inscription
Unknown
Shape / Form
Unknown
Material / Technique
Material Stucture
Material Decoration
Material Bonding
Material Inscription
Material Additions
Material Cloth
Material Lining
Tesserae Arrangement
Density
Colors
Construction material
Measurements
Height
70 mm
Length
Width
11 mm
Depth
Circumference
Thickness
Diameter
Weight
Axis
Panel Measurements
Condition

The amulet is in good condition

Extant
Documented by CJA
Surveyed by CJA
Present Usage
Present Usage Details
Condition of Building Fabric
Architectural Significance type
Historical significance: Event/Period
Historical significance: Collective Memory/Folklore
Historical significance: Person
Architectural Significance: Style
Architectural Significance: Artistic Decoration
Urban significance
Significance Rating
0
Ornamentation
Custom
Contents
Codicology
Scribes
Script
Number of Lines
Ruling
Pricking
Quires
Catchwords
Hebrew Numeration
Blank Leaves
Direction/Location
Façade (main)
Endivances
Location of Torah Ark
Location of Apse
Location of Niche
Location of Reader's Desk
Location of Platform
Temp: Architecture Axis
Arrangement of Seats
Location of Women's Section
Direction Prayer
Direction Toward Jerusalem
Coin
Coin Series
Coin Ruler
Coin Year
Denomination
Signature
Colophon
Scribal Notes
Watermark
Hallmark
Group
Group
Group
Group
Group
Trade Mark
Binding
Decoration Program

A hand-written amulet inscribed with amuletic formulas and a magical square enclosing Hebrew letters. 

Suggested Reconsdivuction
History/Provenance
Main Surveys & Excavations
Sources

-       Schrire, T. Hebrew Amulets: Their Decipherment and Interpretation.London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1966.

Type
Documenter
Irina Chernetsky | 04.02
Author of description
Ariella Amar | 02.06
Architectural Drawings
|
Computer Reconstruction
|
Section Head
Ariella Amar | 02.07
Language Editor
Judith Cardozo | 03.07
Donor
UNESCO |
Negative/Photo. No.
The following information on this monument will be completed:
Unknown |