Obj. ID: 21007
Hebrew Illuminated Manuscripts Fugger's Commentaries, Venice, c.1552
© BSB, Photographer: Unknown,
Summary and Remarks
Yishai ben Yehiel appears in BSB Cod.hebr. 7, 10, 19, 26, 28, 30, 31, 33, 42, 44, 45, 46, 50, 52, 56, 58, 62, 64, 68; Meir in BSB Cod.hebr. 7, 8, 11, 15, 23, 27, 29, 31, 39, 44, 49, 50, 54, 56, 58, 59; Scribe23 inthis manuscript only; and Eliezer in BSB Cod.hebr. 39, 45, 55, 59, 60, 64, 65, 66.
Remarks
9 image(s)
sub-set tree:
Name/Title
Fugger's Venetian Commentaries | Unknown
Object Detail
Monument Setting
Unknown
Date
c.1552
Synagogue active dates
Reconstruction dates
Historical Origin
Unknown
Community type
Unknown |
Congregation
Unknown
Location
Unknown |
Site
Unknown
School/Style
Period
Unknown
Period Detail
Collection
Documentation / Research project
Unknown
Iconographical Subject
Unknown |
Textual Content
Unknown |
Languages of inscription
Unknown
Shape / Form
Unknown
Material / Technique
Paper, 1 + 466 + 1 leaves.
Material Stucture
Material Decoration
Material Bonding
Material Inscription
Material Additions
Material Cloth
Material Lining
Tesserae Arrangement
Density
Colors
Construction material
Measurements
Full page: (341-342) x (234-235) mm.
Text space: Yeshai: (235-237) x (139-142) mm.
Scribe 23: (239-241) x (138-140) mm.
Meir: (220-225) x (135-138) mm.
Eliezer: (218-221) x (137-140) mm.
Text space: Yeshai: (235-237) x (139-142) mm.
Scribe 23: (239-241) x (138-140) mm.
Meir: (220-225) x (135-138) mm.
Eliezer: (218-221) x (137-140) mm.
Height
Length
Width
Depth
Circumference
Thickness
Diameter
Weight
Axis
Panel Measurements
Condition
Well preserved. Apparently the manuscript was not used.
Extant
Documented by CJA
Surveyed by CJA
Present Usage
Present Usage Details
Condition of Building Fabric
Architectural Significance type
Historical significance: Event/Period
Historical significance: Collective Memory/Folklore
Historical significance: Person
Architectural Significance: Style
Architectural Significance: Artistic Decoration
Urban significance
Significance Rating
1
Ornamentation
Custom
Contents
1. Commentary on Proverbs by Sheshet ben Isaac Gerondi (fols. 2-144v): beginsאמר המתרגם יתברך האחד
האמת אשר הוא לבדו אמת (Joel 1936/37: 517-518). Another copy in Munich, BSB Cod.hebr. 60
(fols. 371-529) from Fugger's Venetian group.
2. Zohar: Ra'aya Meheimna (זהר: רעיא מהימנא; Zohar: The Faithful Shepherd) (fols. 145v-298): beginsפנחס
בן אלעזר ר' יהודא פתח זכור נא מי הוא נקי אבד. Another copy in Munich, BSB Cod.hebr. 17 (fols. 169-275)
from Fugger's Venetian group.
3. Ba'alei ha-Nefesh (בעלי הנפש; The Masters of the Soul) by Abraham ben David of Posquières (הראב"ד)
(fols. 299-310v): begins שערה קדושה לרב רבינו אברהם בר דוד זכר צדיק לברכה ראיתי לפרש ענין הקדושה
(cf. Kapach 1964). 1st ed. Venice 1602.
4. Iggeret ha-Kodesh (אגרת הקודש; Epistle of Holiness) wrongly attributed to Moses ben Nahman
(fols. 310v-322), called also Sha'arei Zedek: beginsענין חבור האדם אל אשתו להרב רבינו משה בר נחמן זכרונו
לברכה (cf. Scholem 1944/45:179-186). 1st ed. Rome 1546.
5. Fragment from Sefer ha-Kuzari (כוזרי) by Judah Halevi (fols. 322v-325v) translated by Judah ben Isaac
Cardinal: beginsאמר אל כזרי ארצה שתודיעני שום דבר מין הדברים שאמרת (Steinschneider 1895:405).
6. Yishrezu ha-Mayyim (ישרצו המים; Water Timmes) by Isaac ben Solomon Israeli (fols. 325v-326v): begins
ספר יצירה הספר הזה חברו בן שלמה הישראלי הרופא וכונת חיבורו היתה שאלת אדם אחד (Steinschneider 1895:393).
7. Commentary on Sefer Yezirah (ספר יצירה; The Book of Creation) (fols. 326v-327v): beginsאלו הם י"ב
חותמות של שם הגדול יהוה וארבעה דגליהם.
8. Treatise on Kabbalah (fols. 328-328v) by Moses ben Shem Tov di Leon: beginsברוך שאמר עולמים באור
נגוהים עולם השכל (Scholem 1976:327).
9. Fragment from Behinat Olam (בחינת עולם; Contemplation of the World) by Jedaiah ben Abraham Penini
(fols. 329-329v): begins לבי ראשית כל דרכיך תאמין שיש על כל. 1st ed. Mantua 1474/76. Other copies in
Munich: BSB Cod.hebr. 328 (fols. 1-21v), belonged to Johann Albrecht Widmanstetter; BSB
Cod.hebr. 341 (fols. 261-272v), belonged to Domenico Grimani and later to Johann Albrecht
Widmanstetter.
10. Al Sakhar ve-Onesh (על שכר ועונש; On Wage and Punishment) by Abraham ben Salomon Salama of
Zamora (fols. 329v-332): beginsאמר אברהם בר שלמה סלאמה ז"ל מסמורה השכר והעונש הנפשיים אין אנו יכולים
לצייר מהותם.
11. On Metempsychosis (fols. 332v-333): begins הקדוש ברוך הוא ברא כל הנשמות והוא יודע למה.
12. Zadik ve-Ra Lo (צדיק ורע לו; Pious, and is not Rewarded) by Sheshet of Catalonia (fols. 333-334):
begins למצות המשכיל החכם רבי ששת בענין צדיק ורע לו בסוד עיבור (Scholem 1945:143-146).
13. Commentary on Ecclesiastes 1:15 by Samuel ibn Tibbon (fols. 334-335v): beginsמעוות לא יוכל לתקן
וחסרון לא יוכל להמנות הקדמתי לומר כי שלמה המלך. Another copy of the entire commentary in Munich, BSB
Cod.hebr. 262, belonged to Johann Albrecht Widmanstetter.
14. Treatise on Kabbalah (fol. 335v-386v): begins אמר רבינו משה בר נחמן זצ"ל בסוד הו יש לו תוספות.
15. Commentary on the Divine Name according to the Midrash of R. Simeon the Righteous
(fols. 386v-389): begins מפעלות השם יתברך ויתעלה כמו שפירש אותו רבי שמעון הצדיק (Scholem 1948:256).
Other copies in Munich: BSB Cod.hebr. 54 (fols. 291v-300) from Fugger's Venetian group; BSB
Cod.hebr. 215 (fols. 205-207) belonged to Egidio da Viterbo and later to Johann Albrecht
Widmanstetter.
16. Ma'ayan ha-Hokhmah (מעיין החכמה; The Spring of Wisdom), kabbalistic treatise composed in the Iyyun
circle (fols. 389-395): begins ונחזור לביאורנו תיקן וצירוף ומאמר ומכלל וחשבון (Scholem 1948:255-256, no. 2;
Scholem 1924/25:287). 1st ed. Amsterdam 1651. Other copies in Munich: BSB Cod.hebr. 56
(fols. 129v-134v) from Fugger's Venetian group; BSB Cod.hebr. 341 (fols. 181-183, belonged to
Domenico Grimani and later to Johann Albrecht Widmanstetter.
17. Commentary on Sefer Yezirah (ספר יצירה; The Book of Creation) by Samuel ben Saadiah ibn Motot
(fols. 395-404v): begins כתר הנתלה מאין סוף יתרומם ויתנשא (Scholem 1924:287).
18. Safah Berurah (שפה ברורה; Clear Language) by Abraham ben Meir ibn Ezra (fols. 405v-421v): begins
לך אל חי זרוע עם גבורה וכל ימין חלישה . Ends with the colophon of the printed edition, Constantinople 1530,
(fol. 421v):זה ספר שפה ברורה אשר חבר החכם ר' אברהם אבן עזרא נדפס פה קונסטנטינה/ על יד המדפיס אסטרוק דטולון
יצ"ו במצות החכם השלם הרופא המובהק כ"ר שלמה אלמולי יצ"ו היום ראש חדש ניסן שנת חמשת אלפים ומאתים ותשעים
ליצירה.
This manuscript was apparently copied from the Constantinople printed edition. However, the same
colophon of the printed edition appears at the end of Safa Berurah in a manuscript of 1557 (Parma,
Biblioteca Palatina Cod. Parm. 3487). Nevertheless, there seems to be no direct connection between
these two manuscripts (Lipmann 1967).
19. Zurat ha-Arez (צורת הארץ; The Shape of the World) by Abraham bar Hiyya (fols. 422-464): beginsאברהם
ב"ר חייא הספרדי נ"ע ברוך אלהי ישראל האל הגדול הגבור והנורא. Other copies in Munich: BSB Cod.hebr. 36
(fols. 102-127), belonged to Johann Albrecht Widmanstetter; BSB Cod.hebr. 294 (fols. 7-60), belonged
to Fugger; BSB Cod.hebr. 340. 1st ed. Basel 1546.
Codicology
Scribes
Yeshai ben Yehiel (Scribe A*): fols. 2-144v in brown ink and red and green colour. Scribe 23** (Scribe B): fols. 145v-298 in brown ink. Meir (Scribe C): fols. 1, 299-404v in brown ink. Eliezer (Scribe D): fols. 405v-464 in brown ink. Each scribe proofread his own section of the text. * The letters A, B, etc. denote the order of copying by the main scribes and interpolators in this manuscript. ** Running numbers (Scribe 1, 2, etc.) denote anonymous main scribes and interpolators throughout the entire group of Fugger’s Venetian manuscripts. The scribes identified by name are not numbered.
Script
The main text is written in semi-cursive Ashkenazi script.
Number of Lines
The text is written in 30 lines per page, mainly in one column.
Ruling
Ruling by stylus: 30 horizontal and 1+1 vertical lines (e.g. fol. 145).
Pricking
None.
Quires
60 quires of 8 leaves each, except for VII8-1, XVIII10-1, XXIV10, XXV10, XXXIV6, LI4, LIII8-1, LIV2, LX4-1. Quire composition: I8 (1-8); II8 (9-16); III8 (17-24); IV8 (25-32); V8 (33-40); VI8 (41-48); VII8-1 (49-55; the third leaf a single with stub, no text missing); VIII8 (56-63); IX8 (64-71); X8 (72-79); XI8 (80-87); XII8 (88-95); XIII8 (96-103); XIV8 (104-111); XV8 (112-119); XVI8 (120-127); XVII8 (128-135); XVIII10-1 (136-144; first leaf cut out, no text missing); XIX8 (145-152); XX8 (153-160); XXI8 (161-168); XXII8 (169-176); XXIII8 (177-184); XXIV10 (185-194); XXV10 (195-204); XXVI8 (205-212); XXVII8 (213-220); XXVIII8 (221-228); XXIX8 (229-236); XXX8 (237-244); XXXI8 (245-252); XXXII8 (253-260); XXXIII8 (261-268); XXXIV6 (269-274); XXXV8 (275-282); XXXVI8 (283-290); XXXVII8 (291-298); XXXVIII8 (299-306); XXXIX8 (307-314); XL8 (315-322); XLI8 (323-330); XLII8 (331-338); XLIII8 (339-346); XLIV8 (347-354); XLV8 (355-362); XLVI8 (363-370); XLVII8 (371-378); XLVIII8 (379-386); XLIX8 (387-394); L8 (395-402); LI4 (403-404b); LII8 (405-412); LIII8-1 (413-419; leaf between 417 and 418 is cut out, no text missing); LIV2 (420-421); LV8 (422-429); LVI8 (430-437); LVII8 (438-445); LVIII8 (446-453); LIX8 (454-461); LX4-1 (462-464; the last is a single leaf with stub).
Catchwords
Catchwords for leaves are written horizontally at the left below the text in semi-cursive script by the text scribe.
Hebrew Numeration
None.
Blank Leaves
Fols. 1v, 145, 298v, 299v, 404a-404a verso, 404b-404b verso, 405, 464v.
Direction/Location
Façade (main)
Endivances
Location of Torah Ark
Location of Apse
Location of Niche
Location of Reader's Desk
Location of Platform
Temp: Architecture Axis
Arrangement of Seats
Location of Women's Section
Direction Prayer
Direction Toward Jerusalem
Coin
Coin Series
Coin Ruler
Coin Year
Denomination
Signature
Colophon
Fol. 144v:
נשלם פירוש על ספר משלי שלמה הוא סוד כל החכמה שבח/ לאל עליון ונורא שנתן לי כח וגבורה ועזרני בהחל עד גמריהן/ הוא ברחמיו יצילנו מכל צרה ויזיכני לעובדו השם יתברך בטהרה/ ולשמור כל מצותיו כדת וכשורה וכל תורתו בציווי ואזהרה/ היום יום ראשון למלאכה כדת וכהלכה פרשת ראשי המטות/ סליק סליק סליק אאא ססס
(The commentary on the Proverbs of Solomon, which is the secret of all wisdom, is completed; praise to God who gave me strength and helped me to begin and complete it; in his mercy He will save us from all troubles and grant me to worship him in purity, and to properly fulfill all His commandments and his Torah. Today is Sunday … the pericope Rashei hamatot, amen amen amen sela sela sela). The last three letters of Rashei (אשי) are written in red and divulge the date 5311 (1551).
The word Shlomo (Solomon) is also written in red and has a crown on top.
Scribal Notes
Fo. 310v: The name of the scribe Meir is surmounted by a crown.
Watermark
Watermarks: 'B' with a trefoil flower surmounting its vertical in the corner of the folio (31 mm; e.g.
fols. 123, 128, 129); a trefoil flower between 'P' and '3' in the outer corner of the folio (32 mm; e.g.
fols. 269, 272, 273): similar to Harlfinger 1974-80: Lettres 75 (Venice, 1548, 1550); a circle divided
by an extending line which is intersected by two lines at the top in the centre of the folio (39 mm; e.g.
fols. 299, 404b): unidentified; a star above an anchor within a circle at the centre of the folio (65 mm; e.g. fols. 290, 291, 292): similar to Harlfinger 1974-80: Ancre 24-31 (Venice, 1556).
fols. 123, 128, 129); a trefoil flower between 'P' and '3' in the outer corner of the folio (32 mm; e.g.
fols. 269, 272, 273): similar to Harlfinger 1974-80: Lettres 75 (Venice, 1548, 1550); a circle divided
by an extending line which is intersected by two lines at the top in the centre of the folio (39 mm; e.g.
fols. 299, 404b): unidentified; a star above an anchor within a circle at the centre of the folio (65 mm; e.g. fols. 290, 291, 292): similar to Harlfinger 1974-80: Ancre 24-31 (Venice, 1556).
Hallmark
Group
Group
Group
Group
Group
Trade Mark
Binding
Dark green leather on wooden boards (342 x222 mm); gold-tooled with a central roundel on the front and a shield on the back cover within an undulating lozenge in a large rectangle, decorated with floral motifs at the centre of each side and at the corners. The front roundel is inscribed פירושים, and below are the letters OOOO. The spine, blind-tooled with hatching, has three hidden cords and head and tail bands. On the edges of the front cover are vestiges of four groups of three plaited leather bands, two on the side and one each on the upper and lower edges, with corresponding holes for four nails on the edges of the back cover (for preserved bands see Cod.hebr. 301). Each group of three bands terminated in a ring intended to hook over the nails in the opposite cover. The leaves are gilt-edged.
This binding was made for Fugger by the 'Fugger Binder' inVenice(Hobson 1999:119-129). Similar bindings in BSB: e.g. Cod.hebr. 19, 27, 33, 39, 42, 51, 55, 59, 61, 65, 66.
Watermarks on the front flyleaf: A zigzag (43 mm): unidentified.
Decoration Program
Fol. 144v:
נשלם פירוש על ספר משלי שלמה הוא סוד כל החכמה שבח/ לאל עליון ונורא שנתן לי כח וגבורה ועזרני בהחל עד גמריהן/ הוא ברחמיו יצילנו מכל צרה ויזיכני לעובדו השם יתברך בטהרה/ ולשמור כל מצותיו כדת וכשורה וכל תורתו בציווי ואזהרה/ היום יום ראשון למלאכה כדת וכהלכה פרשת ראשי המטות/ סליק סליק סליק אאא ססס
(The commentary on the Proverbs of Solomon, which is the secret of all wisdom, is completed; praise to God who gave me strength and helped me to begin and complete it; in his mercy He will save us from all troubles and grant me to worship him in purity, and to properly fulfill all His commandments and his Torah. Today is Sunday … the pericope Rashei hamatot, amen amen amen sela sela sela). The last three letters of Rashei (אשי) are written in red and divulge the date 5311 (1551).
The word Shlomo (Solomon) is also written in red and has a crown on top.
Suggested Reconsdivuction
History/Provenance
Owners' inscriptions: None.
Inscriptions of librarians and researchers:
The numbering of the texts by Fugger’s librarians does not always correspond to the actual number of the texts in the manuscript: N0 1:2-144v; N0 2:169-275; N0 3:299-404v; N0 4:405v-464.
Front flyleaf, verso: an inscription in brown ink by Librarian 1a:
ספר שער הקדשה וחבור האדם/ ספר שפה ברורה על דרך הקבלה.
Contents in Latin characters by Librarian 1a: Sephaer schaar hakdoscha vehibur haadam/ Sephaer sapha berura al daerech hakabala; and by Librarian 3 in the first line near the Hebrew text: Sephaer reai mehemna, on the left: 1. Perusch al mischle schaehibar haehacham\ rabenu schesches bar ijtzhak sal.\ 2. Reai Mehemna.\ 3. Sephaer Schaar hakduscha vehibur haada.\ 4. Sephaer Sapha berura al daerech ha kabala; on the right: R. Schesches f. Isaac comentariam\ proverbia Salomonis.\ Rai Me est ad Zohaerem pertinens Cabalist\ Abraam f. Dauid Schaarhak. est i. porta Santa\ Liber Sapha berura Cabalisticus.
Contents in Latin on sticker by Samuel Quicchelbergs(?).
Front pastedown, on the exlibris in plummet: the contents in German.
Exlibris and stamps:
Front pastedown: an exlibris of the Bavarian Court and State Library (227 x 155 mm) with the arms of Elector Maximilian I of 1638 (Dressler 1972:B3ab), stuck over his earlier exlibris (175 x 135 mm) of 1618, before he became Elector in 1623 (Dressler 1972:A3a-f).
On the front flyleaf, recto and fol. 457v is a 20th-century oval stamp of the BSB: BIBLIOTHECA\ REGIA\ MONACENSIS.
Old signatures:
Back cover in black ink: St. 8 n. 3(?) (second signature of Fugger's library).
Front cover in black ink: 30(?) (Duke's library, Prommer's signature).
Front pastedown in brown ink: MS. Hebr. 42.
Front flyleaf, recto, in dark brown ink: n0 5.
Sticker on spine: 86; and on spine and back pastedown in black ink: Cod.hebr. 47 (current signature).
On the exlibris in plummet: Cod.hebr. 47 (current signature).
Main Surveys & Excavations
Sources
Dressler 1972 F. Dressler, Die Exlibris der Bayerischen Hof- und Staatsbibliothek, 17. bis 20. Jahrhundert, Wiesbaden 1972.
Harlfinger 1974-80 D. Harlfinger, Wasserzeichen aus griechischen Handschriften, Berlin 1974-1980.
Hobson 1999 A. Hobson, Renaissance Book Collecting: Jean Grolier and Diego Hurtado de Mendoza, their Books and Bindings, Cambridge 1999.
Joel 1936/37 י' יואל, "אוסף כתבי יד מבית דפוס ראם", קרית ספר יג (תרצ"ו):513-523 (Y. Joel, "Collection of Manuscripts from Ram's Printing House", Kyriat Sefer 13 (1936-37):513-523.
Kapach 1964 "בעלי הנפש" לראב"ד, מהדורת י. קאפח, ירושלים תשכ"ה ("The Masters of the Soul by RAbD",
Y. Kapach Critical Edition, Jerusalem 1964).
Lipmann 1967 ג' ה' ליפמן, שפה ברורה, ירושלים תשכ"ז (G. H. Lipmann, Safah Berurah, Jerusalem 1967).
Scholem 1924 ג' שולם, "הערות ותקונים לרשימת כתבי היד שבמינכן", קרית ספר א (תרפ"ד):284-293 (G. Scholem, "Addenda and Corrigenda to the list of the manuscripts in Munich", Kiryat Sefer 1 (1924):284-293.
Scholem 1944/45 ג' שולם, "האם חיבר הרמב"ן את ס' אגרת הקודש?", קרית ספר כא (תש"ד-תש"ה):179-186
(G. Scholem, "Did Ramban compose Sefer Iggeret ha-Kodesh?", Kiryat Sefer 21 (1944/45):179-186.
Scholem 1945 ג' שולם, "לחקר תורת הגלגול בקבלה במאה הי"ג," תרביץ טז (תש"ה):135-150 (G. Scholem, "On Metempsychosis Teaching in the 13th Century", Tarbiz 16 (1945):135-150.
Scholem 1948 ג' שולם, ראשית הקבלה, ירושלים תש"ח (G. Scholem, The Beginning of Kabbalah, Jerusalem 1948).
Scholem 1976 ג' שולם, "שני קונטרסים לר' משה די ליאון", על יד 8 (תשל"ו):327-384 (G. Scholem, "Two Quires of R. Moses di Leon", Al Yad 8 (1976):327-384.
Sirat and Dukan, unpublished C. Sirat and M. Dukan, Etude des manuscrits hébreux"sehr inkorrekt"
conservés dans la Bibliothèque de Munich (Institut des Recherche et d'histoire des Textes, CNRS,
Paris), unpublished.
Steinschneider 1893 M. Steinschneider, Die hebräischen Übersetzungen des Mittelalters und die Juden als Dolmetscher, Berlin 1893.
Steinschneider 1895 M. Steinschneider, Die hebräischen Handschriften der K.Hof- und Staatsbibliothek in München, Munich 1895.
Type
Documenter
Ilona Steimann | 2008, 2015
Author of description
Ilona Steimann; Prof. Aliza Cohen-Mushlin | 2008, 2015; 2015
Architectural Drawings
|
Computer Reconstruction
|
Section Head
Michal Sternthal; Project Head: Prof. Aliza Cohen-Mushlin | 05-2016; 2008-2015
Language Editor
Christine Evans | 2015
Donor
Supported by the Fritz Thyssen Foundation |
Object Copyright
Bayerische Staatsbibliothek (BSB)
Negative/Photo. No.
The following information on this monument will be completed:
Unknown |