Obj. ID: 55455
  Sacred and Ritual  Simhat Torah banner, Warsaw (Warszawa), 1873

The following description was prepared by William Gross:

Just after the festivals of the Jewish New Year in the fall of the lunar calendar is the holiday of "Simchat Torah", celebrating the end of the yearly cycle of the reading of the entire Torah and the beginning of the new cycle of that reading. It is customary during that celebration to dance ia circle around the synagogue carrying the Torah scrolls with great joy and song.  The Torah scrolls themselves were too large and too heavy to be carried by children. The custom developed of having the children carrying flags relating to the holiday during the celebratory dancing with the Torah Scrolls. These flags were made of paper and often decorated and attached to a stick to serve as the flag pole. In older times, an apple and a small lit candle were placed on top of that stick above the flag. The printing of such flags rather than hand-crafted flags appears to have developed in Lviv, Vilnius, and Warsaw in the second half of the 19th century. Since the flags were used by children on one day a year, were made of paper and were snot gently treated during the celebrations, most were destroyed ordiscarded. As true examples of ephemera, early examples are very rare. Since the founding of the State of Israel in 1948, a large variety of such flags have been printed there.

This 19th-century example is printed on one side of the paper only. Published in 1878 in Warsaw, It is printed on one side of green paper and carries the image of a crest very similar to that of Moses Montefiore, with figures of a rampant lion and deer. At the bottom is the depiction of the celebrations and dancing, an image oft repeated on the earliest examples of the printed flags of the 19th century in Greater Poland.