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Obj. ID: 260
Sacred and Ritual Objects  Kos Shmirot made from the coins of Tzaddikim

© Center for Jewish Art, Photographer: Radovan, Zev, 7.1992

The cylindrical kiddush cup is widening outwards at its rim. The outer surface of the cup is inscribed with an inscription, in square Hebrew characters. The inscription begins with a statement and continues with two lists of two different Hasidic dynasties: the dynasty of R. Israel of Ruzhin, and the Zaddikim of the Apta-Zinkov dynasty:

"זה הכוס נעשה ממטבעות מהצדיקים אשר בזכיתם (בזכותם) אנחנו חיים " //  הצדיק ישראל מרוזין זצ"ל זי"ע// יו"ה הצדיקים שיחי' (שיחיו) לאי"ט (לאורך ימים טובים)/ ר' דוד משה יצ"ו מטשאר(טקוב)/ ר' מרדכי יצ"ו /מהוסיאטין/ ר' יצחק יצ"ו / מבאהש (בוהוש)// הצדיק ר' (רבי) יצחק מאיר מזינקוב זצ"ל (זכר צדיק לברכה ) זי"ע (זכותו יגן עלינו)/ הצדיק ר' זיסא (זוסיא) מזינקוב זצ"ל זי"ע / יו"ה הצדיקים שיחי' (שיחיו) לאוי"ט (לאורך ימים טובים ( /ממעזיבוז/ הצדיק ר' אברהם יהושע העשל יצ"ו (ישמרהו צורו ויחיהו) / הצדיק ר' חיים מזינקוב יצ"ו"

"This cup was made from the coins of the Zaddikim (righteouses), as in favour of their virtues we live. The Zaddik Rabbi Israel of Ruzhin, the Zaddik of blessed memory may his virtue protect us; YHV (?) the (following) Zaddikim may they live many good days: Rabbi David Moses may his Rock protect and sustain him, Tshortkov / Rabbi Mordecai may his Rock and Redeemer protect him, of Husiatyn. Rabbi Isaac may his Rock protect and sustain him of Buhosh."  The second dynasty written in the second group: "The Zaddik Rabbi Isaac Meir of Zinkov, the Zaddik of blessed memory may his virtue will protect us; The Zaddik Rabbi Zisa (Zusia) of Zinkov, the Zaddik of blessed memory may his virtue will protect us; YHV (?) the (following)  Zaddikim may they live many good days: from Medzibush the Zaddik Rabbi Abraham Joshua Heshel, may his Rock protect and sustain him; The Zaddik Rabbi Hayim of Zinkov may his Rock protect and sustain him." 

Summary and Remarks
  1. The dynasty of Rabbi Israel of Ruzhin (1787 – 1851), and his sons: David Moses of Tshortkov (1827 – 1903), and Mordecai of Husiatyn (1834 – 1894). The city of Husiatyn is in cursive small characters. The grandson Rabbi Isaac of Bohush (1835 – 1896) is mentioned the last. The name of Bohush was added in cursive characters, next to the name.
    The dynasty of Afta – Zinkov: (The initiator of the court: Rabbi Abraham Joshua Heshel of Afta (1755 - 1825), is not mentioned). The list starts with his son Rabbi Isaac Meir of Zinkov (1775 – 1885) and grandson Rabbi Zisa (Zusia) of Zinkov (died in 1866). Rabbi Abraham Joshua Heshel of Medzibush (died 1888).  It concludes with Rabbi Hayim of Zinkov, the great-grandson (died in 1894).
  2. Since Rabbi Isaac Meir of Zinkov, is mentioned as a deceased person, and he died in 1885, and Rabbi Abraham Joshua Heshel of Medzibush, is mentioned among the living Zaddikim, and he died in 1888 – the cup can be dated to the years 1885 – 1888.   
Remarks

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Name/Title
Kos Shmirot made from the coins of Tzaddikim | Unknown
Object Detail
Monument Setting
Unknown
Date
1885-1888 (see: Remarks: no. 2)
Active dates
Reconstruction dates
Artist/ Maker
Unknown
Origin
Poland
| ?
Historical Origin
Unknown
Community type
Congregation
Unknown
Location
Unknown |
Site
Unknown
School/Style
Unknown|
Period Detail
Documentation / Research project
Unknown
Iconographical Subject
Unknown |
Textual Content
Unknown |
Languages of inscription
Unknown
Shape / Form
Unknown
Material / Technique
Silver
Material Stucture
spun
Material Decoration
Material Bonding
soldered
Material Inscription
engraved
Material Additions
Material Cloth
Material Lining
Tesserae Arrangement
Density
Colors
Construction material
Measurements
Height
69 mm
Length
Width
Depth
Circumference
Thickness
Diameter
66 mm
Weight
Axis
Panel Measurements
Condition
The cup is in good condition.
Extant
Documented by CJA
Surveyed by CJA
Present Usage
Present Usage Details
Condition of Building Fabric
Architectural Significance type
Historical significance: Event/Period
Historical significance: Collective Memory/Folklore
Historical significance: Person
Architectural Significance: Style
Architectural Significance: Artistic Decoration
Urban significance
Significance Rating
0
Ornamentation
Custom
The Zaddik Court (the Hasidic leader) was financially maintained by money contributed by the Hasidim (the followers of a spesific sect). The taxes, known as Ma'amad (stand), were collected twice a year by a special collector, appointed for the post for his life. He traveled around the cities and small towns with a list of names, which was updated consecutively. The list served for two purposes: first to supervise the amount of money collected in a certain place and time, while the second ensured that the Zaddik would bless the Hasid and his family. In some courts, after the blessing the Zaddik also offered a blessed coin, which was given to the followers at the next collecting day. Thus, the coin was sold in an auction, and the money was contributed for a special celebration, conducted during the collecting day that was considered a holiday. The blessed coin was regarded as a charm (Shmira), and sometimes when a large amount was collected, a particular Hasid or a congregation, melted the coins and ordered a ritual object for communal or private use. The most common utensil, made by melted coins was a Kiddush cup (Assaf, The Regal Way, pp.404- 416).
For a Kiddush cup with a similar inscription, see: Sc. 542- 107.
Contents
Codicology
Scribes
Script
Number of Lines
Ruling
Pricking
Quires
Catchwords
Hebrew Numeration
Blank Leaves
Direction/Location
Façade (main)
Endivances
Location of Torah Ark
Location of Apse
Location of Niche
Location of Reader's Desk
Location of Platform
Temp: Architecture Axis
Arrangement of Seats
Location of Women's Section
Direction Prayer
Direction Toward Jerusalem
Coin
Coin Series
Coin Ruler
Coin Year
Denomination
Signature
Colophon
Scribal Notes
Watermark
Hallmark
Two hallmarks are stamped on the bottom of the cup. 1. The cypher 12 in a rectangular frame. It is the authority quality mark stamped in Poland, during the second half of
the 19th century (Tardy. International Hallmarks on Silver, Paris, 1981, p. 328).
2. The initials A.Z. in a rectangular frame.
Group
Group
Group
Group
Group
Trade Mark
Binding
Decoration Program

Inscriptions are engraved on the surface.

Suggested Reconsdivuction
History/Provenance
The Odessa collection.
Main Surveys & Excavations
Sources
Alfassi, Isaac. Sefer Ha'admorim, Tel Aviv, 1961, in Hebrew. Assaf, David. The Regal Way, The Life and Times of R. Israel of Ruzhin, Jerusalem, 1997, in Hebrew. Kantsedikas, Alexander. Masterpieces of Jewish Art, Silver, Moscow, 1992 Seipel, Wilfried. Ed. Thora und Krone, Kultgeräte der Jüdischen Diaspora in der Ukraine, Die Ausstellung wird vom Kunsthistorischen Museum Wien, 1993. Sotheby's, Magnificent Judaica (9.12.1999), Tel-Aviv: Sotheby's, 1999.
Type
Original
Documenter
Ariella Amar | 07.92
Author of description
Ariella Amar | 07.93; 07.07
Architectural Drawings
|
Computer Reconstruction
|
Section Head
Ariella Amar | 07.07
Language Editor
Judith Cardozo | 08.07
Donor
UNESCO |
Negative/Photo. No.
The following information on this monument will be completed:
Unknown |