Obj. ID: 23158
Hebrew Illuminated Manuscripts  Itzhak ben Shmuel Pentateuch, Germany, 14th c.

Itzhak ben Shmuel Pentateuch | Unknown

*Manuscripts and Printed Books | Bible | Pentateuch

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14th century

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Germany
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Austria | Wien (Bundesland) | Wien (Vienna) | Österreichische Nationalbibliothek (ÖNB)
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Austria | Vienna | Österreichische Nationalbibliothek (ÖNB)
| Cod. hebr. 6 (Schwartz, No. 16)

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Pentateuch with Targum Onkelos to each verse, Five scrolls, Haftarot, Job and Jeremiah 2:29 – 8:12, 9:24 – 10:16. Vocalized and punctuated. Pentateuch: Genesis (fols. 1 – 53); Exodus (fols. 53 – 98); Leviticus (fols. 99 – 131); Numbers (fols. 131 – 173); Deuteronomy (with Targum Yerushalmi on fol. 4 for Gen. 4:8) (fols. 173 – 211v) Five scrolls: Song of Songs (fols. 211v – 213); Ruth (fols. 213 – 214v); Lamentations (fols. 214v – 216v); Ecclesiastes (fols. 216v – 220v); Esther (fols. 220v – 224v) Haftarot (fols. 224v – 259v) Job (fols. 260r – 270) Jeremiah, "Passages of Doom" 2:29 – 8:12, 9:24 – 10:16 (fols. 270 – 273) Haftarat Shabbat Ha-Gadol and Haftarat Pkudei (fols. 273v-274)

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Two scribal notes, originally containing information about the names of the scribe and the patron, were partly erased and rewritten by a later hand: The first note on fol. 211v, is situated in the middle of the right column at the end of the Pentateuch. It was written by the original scribe, but the names mentioned in the note were erased and replaced by other names written by a later hand on the erasure. The original part of the colophon is written in square and semi-cursive Ashkenazi script in Ink color? , while the later one is written in semi-cursive script in Ink color? Text: Original part: "חזק\ ונתחזק הסופר לא יזק היום ולא\ לעולם עד שיעלה חמור בסולם:\ אמן אמן אמן סלה Later replacement: זה התרגום כתבתי יצחק ב"ר שמואל\ לר' ישראל ב"ר משה זצ"ל (זכר צדיק לברכה) חזק\ ונתחזק" Original part: "Strengthen and be strong, the scribe will not be harmed today and never until a donkey climbs the ladder. Amen, amen, selah" Later replacement: "I copied the targum, Isaac bar Shmuel for R. Israel bar Moshe. Strengthen and be strong" The second note on fol. 259v appearing at the end of the Haftarot section also consists of two parts. The original part of the note is written in square Ashkenazi script in Ink color? , whereas the later one is written in semi-cursive script in Ink color? Text: Original part: "חזק ונתחזק הסופר\ לא יזק Later addition: "[אני יצחק ב"ר שמואל הכהן מ...ברוק כתבתי זה התרגום לר' ... ב"ר שלמה]* המקום יזכיהו לי ולזרעו אחריו עד עולם" Original part: " Strengthen and be strong, the scribe not be harmed" Later addition: "[I am Isaac bar Shmuel Ha-Cohen from …bruk, wrote this targum for R. … bar Shlomo]* …” * The words in the square brackets today are invisible (Schwartz, Catalogue, p. 15). Other notes are written by different hands in square and semi-cursive Ashkenazi scripts in Ink color? on the margins and in the spaces between the columns. Mostly, they correct the text or complete the missing letters and words. Since sometimes two corrections, probably written by two different hands refer to the same place in the text we can conclude that there were at least two stages of corrections. For example, on fol. 7 in the right column (line 29) there is a word ותאיב written with a mistake. On the left there is first correction ותתיב, which is also written with a mistake, while on the right side is another correction, correcting the first one: ותיב. It seems that both corrections are written by different hands. The places in the text where the missing words written outside the text space should be, are marked by a small circle with a tail or by the abbreviation ד"ך. Similar signs appear close to the words added outside the text space. For example, on the outer margin of fol. 232v the corrector added to Haftarat Yitro (Isaiah 6: 1-7: 6; 9: 5-6) the verses from Isaiah 7: 7-9, which should follow Isaiah 7: 6. Sometimes, the notes complete even the words which were abbreviated in order to prevent the left margin from being infringed. For example, several words of outer column on fol. 232v or on fol. 220v (line 29) the original scribe abbreviated the last word מדינ' while the corrector added the ending –ות in the space between the columns.

Leather binding

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Two fragments from the Babylonian Talmud (Baba Kama treatise) were used as flyleaves. The front bifolio: the right folio begins with Baba Kama 59b and ends with 60b. The left page begins with fol. 54 and ends with 54v. The bifolio at the end of the ms. contains Baba Kama 51b till 52b on the right page and 62a till VII, 2 on the left page.

The text of the flyleaves is written in two columns (37 lines) in Ashkenazi square script of 14th century.  

1. Two initial words, one opening the book of Numbers (fol. 131), the second the book of Ruth (fol. 213), are surrounded a wriggle line done in ink.
2. Almost all catchwords are enclosed within rectangular frames, decorated with lines, circles or divided into triangles.
3. Drawings of animals appear in the middle of the lower margins on fols. 158 and 212. On fol. 158 there are two contours of animals, dogs or wolves. On fol. 212 there is another animal, similar to the lower one of fol. 158.

Both drawings are not related to the text and they could have been rendered by a later hand.

1. Shaped text in geometrical forms on fols. 7v and 273. One scribe finishing first quire and another scribe finishing the whole text disposed the text in a way allowing for filling an empty space on the leaf.

On the fol. 273 Scribe A used the same method of filling the empty space at the end of Jeremiah. Lower lines of the left column are shaped as two triangles, one under the other, with tops turned downwards, plus two lines at the end of the passage. In fact, this is the end of the manuscript's text, after which only two Haftarot (missing in the Haftarot section) appear.  

Fol. 1: inscribed at the upper part of the page in small square script in ? ink color: "בטב גדא אתחיל דא עמ"י עש"י [במזל טוב אתחיל זה עזרי מעם יי' עושה שמים וארץ]" Below inscribed in small square script in ? ink color: "חיים ב"ר פנחס ז"ל [זכרו לברכה]" “Hayyim bar the late Pinhas” On the one of the flyleaves at the end is written in square script in ? ink color: אראל אואלים The manuscript probably once belonged to the Old University Library of the Court Library in Vienna (Schwartz, Catalogue, p. 16).