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OBJ Architecture - Structure

Czernowitz, Synagogue on 11 Sadovskogo St., Stage I

Category: Architecture

Overview Document

Name/Title: he Synagogue on Sadovskogo St. in Czernowitz - Stage I
Object: Synagogue
Artist/Maker: Unknown
Date:

End of the 19th century

Period: Austrian-Hungarian Empire
Origin: Austrian-Hungarian Empire
Community: Ashkenazi
Collection: Not relevant
Location: Republic of Ukraine, Chernivtsi Province, city of Chernivtsi, Sadovskogo St. 11
Site: In situ
School/Style: Late eclectic, neo-Romanesque
Computer reconstruction, view from east.
Computer reconstruction,
view from east.

Material & Technique
Brick plastered walls, wooden roof constructions.

Measurements
Maximum 11.28 m
Maximum
10.12 m
Maximum Length:
14.87 m

Directions
Axis: southeast – northwest
Main facade:
southeast
Entrance: southeast, northwest (optional)
Torah ark: southeast
Apse: none
Niche: southeast
Bimah: unknown
Platform: not relevant
Seating: unknown
Women’s section: northwest gallery
Prayer orientation: southeast
Jerusalem: southeast
 

Fig. 1. Site plan
Fig. 1. Site plan

Description
The building is situated on a separate plot, aligned with the sequence of common buildings on the sloping Sadovskogo Street (fig. 1).  It consists of a main rectangular volume, which contained a prayer hall with a gabled roof, and a narrow, lower rectangular vestibule with a staircase attached to its northwest side (figs. 2-3).
 


Fig. 2. Possible reconstruction of the plan of the first floor.
 


Fig. 3. Possible reconstruction of the plan of the second floor.

The southeast facade (fig. 4) is crowned by a moulded cornice topped by a small attic with three turrets.  The facade itself is divided into two window bays, framed by Lombard bands topped with small arcades.  The Lombard bands have quasi-plinths and protruding quasi-capitals in the middle of their height, and are decorated with stylized fluting.  The bays are each articulated by an arched niche emphasized by a top moulding, which encloses a pair of arched windows surmounted by a round one.  The socle level beneath the windows is articulated by a large rectangular moulded frame flanked by two smaller ones.  Probably, only the eastern frames had cellar windows, and the western frames were decorative.  The staircase volume (figs. 3, 4) is set back from the street line.  On the street line, there are two balusters flanking the entrance.  The staircase, originally integrated into the entrance building, led onto the main floor.  The entrance opening is flanked by pilaster strips and crowned by a gable.  In the upper part of this volume, on its southeast side, there is a round window giving light to the staircase.
 

Fig. 4. Computer reconstruction, view from east.
Fig. 4. Computer reconstruction, view from east.
 

Fig. 5. Computer reconstruction, view from south.
Fig. 5. Computer reconstruction, view from south.
 

The northwest facade (fig. 6), at the rear of the main volume, is not decorated with Lombard bands, although articulated similarly as the street front.  Between the two niches, there is a round window, which gave light to the women’s gallery.  The entrance to the staircase to the women’s gallery was probably through the northwest side of the staircase volume.  The entrance to the cellar is situated beneath the women’s entrance.  The northeast and southwest walls of the main volume were probably decorated by Lombard bands with small arches.  The northeast wall of the staircase was not decorated (figs. 5, 6, 7).
 

Fig. 6. Computer reconstruction, view from north.
Fig. 6. Computer reconstruction, view from north.
 


Fig. 7. Computer reconstruction, view from west.
 

The prayer hall (figs. 2, 3, 8, 9) was entered through a door on its northeast wall.  The Torah ark was situated on the southeast wall, between the two groups of windows.  Opposite in the northwest part of the prayer hall, a gallery for women was placed. It was entered through a staircase in the northeast volume and from there through a door on the northeast wall of the gallery. The gallery was lighted by the upper parts of the large round windows on the northwest wall and by a small round window between them.
 

Fig. 8. Computer reconstruction. Interior view towards southeast and Torah ark.
Fig. 8. Computer reconstruction. Interior view towards southeast and Torah ark.

Fig. 9. Computer reconstruction. Interior view towards northwest and women’s gallery.
Fig. 9. Computer reconstruction. Interior view towards northwest and women’s gallery.

Decoration Program
Unknown.

Suggested Reconstruction
See description and computer reconstruction.
 

History
See Building stages document.

Conditions
See stage II document.
 

Remarks
None.
 

Bibliography
See Building stages document.

 

Copyright

Object Photographs Drawings Computer reconstruction
Not relevant CJA CJA CJA

Registrar

Function: Name: Date:
Documenter O. Chornyi, P. Khmilevsky, V. Sivers 1999
Photographer O. Chornyi 1999
Architectural Drawings O. Chornyi, P. Khmilevsky, V. Sivers 1999
Computer reconstruction Z. Arshavsky 2001
Researcher V. Levin 2001
Editor S. Oren, J. Cardozo 2001
Section head A. Cohen-Mushlin 2001

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